Category Archives: News

Friday, May 21, 2021 – Researchers from UCLA and Charles Drew University in collaboration with the California Community Foundation and various community partners held a COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit aimed at supporting COVID-19 vaccination efforts in South Los Angeles, and providing the necessary resources to increase broader education, awareness, and equity around the COVID-19 vaccines.

The community leadership summit provided community and faith leaders with best practices, resources, and networking opportunities to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake and help achieve vaccine equity in South Los Angeles.

The summit was attended by 140 individuals and featured speakers from community organizations, faith-based organizations, and governmental agencies leading community efforts in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Each speaker discussed their efforts and shared their resources on how to mobilize the community to increase COVID-19 vaccine equity and uptake. The presentations were followed by a “Q&A” session to connect with organizations and their resources.

Please see a recap of the COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit below.

Presentations for download:

1. Tracey Veal, DrPh, MBA: LA County Department of Public Health - COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides
2. Robert Contreras, MBA: Bienestar Human Services - COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides
3. Jim Mangia: St Johns Well Child & Family Center- COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides
4. Robbyn Kistler Kaiser Family Foundation - COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides
5. Rev. Kamal Hassan: COVID-19 Prevention Network - COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides
6. Christopher Blades: UCLA Vine Street Clinic - COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides
7. Brenda Cruz and Michelle Tabajonda: COVID-19 Vaccine Volunteer Crew - COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides
8. Dessie Brown, Jr: Pull Up Neighbor - COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides
9. Liz Schwandt, M.Ed, BCBA: Get Out the Shot Los Angeles - COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides
10. Samhita Llango and Tatyana Brown: Vaccinate the States - COVID-19 Community Leadership Summit - Slides

Surveys

Please complete the event evaluation by clicking this evaluation link: https://forms.gle/iGXVQVZJXTHyWrLT8

We plan to conduct a qualitative survey/focus groups and will be recruiting participants. Please sign up using this form, and we will contact you with more information: https://forms.gle/9N5PTtVAHESPMskh8

Please complete this survey to better help us understand the needs and capacity of our partners: https://forms.gle/t9yMomATgwzmikSQ6

Resource Guide for Download: COVID-19 Community Resource Guide

Resources shared by speakers:

Vaccinate CA

• VaccinateCA.com – CA vaccine map with 7 languages available
• VaccinateTheStates.com – US vaccine map with vaccine-type filter available (e.g. ‘Pfizer only’)
• https://blog.vaccinateca.com/put-vaccine-locations-on-your-own-website/ –  Instructions to easily add the vaccine map to your website for free

Department of Public Health

• Download Vaccination Site Request
• Download Vaccination Clinic Checklist
• Download Health Officer Letter to Facility Admins
• LA County Dept of Public Health, Mobile Vaccine Clinic Request 

Grassroots Grant Program

• [Download not found]
• [Download not found]
• [Download not found]

Kaiser Family Foundation

• BetweenUsAboutUs.org All of the videos are FREE for public education use.

UCLA CBAM

• Website UCLA CBAM and UCLA Vine Street Clinic

Other Resources shared by attendees (and in Q&A)

• Stop the Spread is creating an open source playbook for community-based vaccinations that contains tools and practices for pop-up vaccination sites. It also contains concepts like Vaccine+ which uses the 15-30 minute monitoring period to connect vaccine recipients to health and social services. Access Stop the Spread’s playbook here (Paul-Miki Akpablie at paulmiki@stopthespread.org)
• LA Department of Health Services is working on helping to vaccinate folks experiencing homelessness. If your organization is interested in helping vaccinate folks experiencing homelessness across LA County, or just wants to hear what the program offers, please email Matthew Tecle, LA County Department of Health Services, at jwynne@dhs.lacounty.gov.
• The UCLA against COVID-19 social media campaign provides vaccine and COVID-19 related information in English, Spanish, Vietnamese, Chinese, Korean, and Tagalog on multiple platforms (Facebook, Twitter, TikTok, KakaoTalk), but the primary platform is Instagram.
• Dr. Anthony Fauci’s interview with Marshawn Lynch
• Resources for outreach to rural and conservative populations on COVID-19 vaccines access: https://www.christiansandthevaccine.com/ and Ad Council’s partnership with Academy of Country Music

Please note that these resources were shared by various attendees at the summit, and are provided here for all. We hope that they will be helpful to your work. Please vet and use at your discretion.

Event Recording:

May 19, 2021 – Today, CHIPTS recognizes National Asian & Pacific Islander HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (NAPIHAAD), a day dedicated to combatting HIV stigma in Asian and Pacific Islander communities. In honor of NAPIHAAD, CHIPTS Combination Prevention Core Affiliate Dr. Wei-Ti Chen shares a reflection on the impact of HIV among Asian Pacific Americans (APAs) and a recommendation for interventions to support HIV-positive APAs. Read Dr. Chen’s reflection below.

“Providing Culturally Sensitive Family-Centered Self-Management Interventions for Asian Pacific Americans Living with HIV” – Wei-Ti Chen, RN, CNM, PhD, FAAN

Asian Pacific Americans (APAs) are one of the fastest growing populations in the United States. The racial designation of Asian American is usually defined as “a person with origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, or the Pacific Islands,”¹ yet many Asian Americans are of multiracial descent,¹ including 79% of Pacific Islanders, who most commonly also have other Asian ancestry).² Although APAs made up only 5.6% of the total U.S. population in 2010,³ they demonstrated a growth rate of 72% from 2000–2015, the highest growth rate at that time among all major racial and ethnic groups in the United States.⁴ It has been projected that APAs will constitute close to 12% of the U.S. population in 2060.⁵ Additionally, APAs tend to cluster in major metropolitan areas, including San Francisco (23.2% APA), Los Angeles (14.7%), New York City-Philadelphia (9.9%), and Washington D.C. (9.3%).⁶

Although, on average, APAs fare well on health indicators, as compared with other racial minority populations,^7,8 they show the highest growth rate in new HIV cases nationally (17%), with more than 80% of those new infections being in APA men, in particular men who have sex with men (MSM).⁹ For instance, in New York State, APAs were the only population suffering from a growing HIV epidemic between 2010 and 2013, whereas other racial groups experienced declining infection rates.¹⁰ Only 3 out of 10 APAs have ever been tested for HIV.¹¹ The fact that more than one third of APAs develop AIDS within a relatively short time after being diagnosed indicates that APAs may not be receiving adequate care and treatment in time to prevent them from developing AIDS.¹¹ As APAs often reside in metropolitan areas where HIV prevalence rates are generally higher,¹² those areas, in particular, need to incorporate APA-specific interventions to curb the HIV epidemic. Notably, among the major racial groups, APAs have been documented to most frequently seek romantic partners outside their own group.^13,14 If the emerging HIV epidemic among APA communities is not addressed, APA communities could become a hidden HIV reservoir, with individuals passing HIV to their sexual partners of other races. This could hamper national efforts to reach the 90-90-90 goal to end the AIDS epidemic.

In addition, the APALHIV population is one of the hardest to recruit for any health research studies especially HIV. As the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has pointed out, limited research on Asian health and HIV infection means there are few targeted prevention programs and behavioral interventions for this population.¹⁵ Also, the reported number of HIV cases among APA may not reflect the true number of HIV diagnoses in this population because of race/ethnicity misidentification. This could lead to an underestimation of HIV infection among APAs.¹⁶ From our experiences closely working with APAs living with HIV (APALHIV) in New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco, several issues affect their health and health care.

First, many of the APALHIV that we have encountered were immigrants. Their acculturation and perceived stress affect depression symptomology and treatment-seeking behaviors. One of our studies found that for those who had low or moderate acculturation to the host country, perceived stress was significantly mediated by depressive symptomology.¹⁷ Second, during our interviews with these APALHIV, many of them described how their “American dream” (self-actualization) was affected by their HIV diagnosis. Especially for those with low acculturation to the host society, depression is much higher, which can lead to impaired self-actualization.¹⁸ Third, acculturation had a positive total effect on patient-healthcare provider (HCP) relationships and was mediated by HIV stigma and stress.¹⁹ This study showed that acculturation is beneficial for patient-HCP relationships to the extent that it decreases perceived stigma and stress in APALHIV. Fourth, many of these APALHIV immigrants came to the United States via migrant smuggling.²⁰ Very few papers have been written regarding the potential links between smuggling and infectious diseases, including HIV, for those smuggled. Some of these migrant Asian Americans living with HIV came to the United States because of the perceived potential for amnesty, based on the fact that many of their hometown pioneers had successfully journeyed to the United States and eventually obtained legal status. Unfortunately, the long and dangerous journey exposed the immigrants to health problems, including risk for HIV. Fifth, in coping with HIV-related challenges, the first line of support that APALHIV lean on is family support. We explored the dyadic aspects of family support among APALHIV and their family caregivers. This dyadic analysis indicated congruence in most supportive care; however, there were also dissimilarities in the support perceptions.²¹ Sixth, we explored the relationships among coping strategies, sleep disturbances, and HIV-related physical symptoms and learned that sleep disturbances directly affect maladaptive coping, and physical symptoms directly affect adaptive coping and maladaptive coping.²² Last, also in regard to coping strategies, we explored spirituality and religiosity needs in APALHIV.²³ In that paper, we showcased several examples of how HIV-positive serostatus, immigrant status, family relationships, Asian American identity, and religious support or disapproval play varying and complex roles in the lives of APALHIV.

These studies demonstrated that APALHIV are dealing with life stresses that interfere with self-management behaviors. In addition, many APALHIV do not receive any mental health or symptom-management assistance, or even rudimentary counseling and education. This might be due to low English literacy, low acculturation, and lack of family support.^24-26 These studies provided empirical information about the needs of APALHIV. Therefore, culturally sensitive family-centered self-management interventions should be designed and tested in order to provide a better quality of life for APALHIV.

A PDF version of this reflection with references is available for download here: National Asian & Pacific Islander HIV/AIDS Awareness Day - Wei-Ti Chen (Reflection)

This content originally appeared on hiv.gov. View the full article here.

By: Toni Bryce, Actress, HIV Activist, Community Health Outreach Worker

April 15, 2021 – Knowing our HIV status is particularly important for women of trans experience, something we are reminded of annually when we observe National Transgender HIV Testing Day (NTHTD) on April 18.

The HIV rates among transgender women are greater than those of other women. In order to use prevention tools such as PrEP medication or to start the path towards “Undetectable=Untransmittable” or U=U through HIV treatment, knowing your status is key.

I started in HIV prevention and outreach in 2010 during my freshman year in college. As I became involved in community health outreach, I found that many community-based organizations (CBOs) focused on men who have sex with men (MSM), and don’t include people of transgender experience in the identity, mission, or vision of their organizations.

This lack of representation and reluctance by CBOs to include us in their identity is one of the many barriers people of trans experience face. This keeps us from feeling empowered to lead and shape efforts around HIV testing, prevention, and treatment. I felt compelled to get involved because if we don’t do it, who’s going to do it and accurately reflect our experiences?

One of the ways for organizations at the ground level to break down these barriers is to consider who your health outreach workers are. Are they inclusive of all of those you’re trying to serve? Hire people who look like the population you are trying to reach.

CBOs also need to be more aware of the language they use which may be triggering or offensive to people of trans experience, or make them feel excluded and, therefore, less likely to seek services such as HIV testing. For instance, I am a black woman of trans experience. I may be of trans experience, but when you meet me, you meet me at my intersection of race and gender, and you’re going to see a black woman first.

Fear and stigma keep many of us from getting tested for HIV. Many think, “If I go and get tested, and the results come back positive, my life has changed.” That forces them to deal with the way they live, and many are not ready for that. However, this also keeps someone from using HIV prevention medication to protect themselves or from getting into treatment if they have HIV.

Many people of transgender experience are involved in sex work. My trans siblings who go “on tour,” or travel to work, should consider HIV self-testing since it allows them to get tested and receive their results wherever they happen to be. You can buy a self-test kit at a pharmacy or online, or your health care provider may be able to order one for you. Some local health departments or CBOs also provide self-test kits for free.

HIV not only heavily impacts women of trans experience, it particularly affects those of us who are Black and Latinx. There are also social factors such as economics and homelessness. No matter who you are or what your situation, you can find HIV services to help, which again starts with testing. There are programs such as Ready, Set, PrEP if you don’t have prescription drug coverage, as well as other patient assistance programs to help pay for lab costs, medication, and care visits.

This NTHTD, let’s all commit to being more inclusive of people with trans experience in the larger effort to end the HIV epidemic. I encourage you to engage my community, my trans siblings, and create more opportunities for their HIV education, testing, prevention, and awareness.

To my community members, protect yourselves, and hold yourselves accountable and responsible in any consensual situation, and think about you first. Make sure you’re doing what you can to educate yourself, use protection, and get tested. Knowing your status allows you to get the appropriate HIV care for you.

 

America is facing multiple, often intertwining epidemics – including mental illness, substance use disorder, mass incarceration, and fragmented health care systems that are often inaccessible. For those caught in the intersections of these epidemics, the impacts of the current COVID-19 pandemic are even more destructive and deadly.

Incarcerated people experience these epidemics with greater frequency than the general population. The reduction of the jail population and process of community re-entry represent both a risk and an opportunity. CHIPTS developed a policy brief entitled Services for Re-entry Populations: Policy Evidence and Recommendations that looks to HIV, a pandemic predating COVID-19, in order to draw broader lessons for addressing the needs of incarcerated populations in the United States during re-entry.

Download the policy brief below.

 

Services for Re-entry Populations: Policy Evidence and Recommendations - Policy Brief

This content originally appeared on hiv.gov. View the full article here.

AHEAD: 2.0 Interactive Release

February 22, 2021 – The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) recently released an enhanced version of the America’s HIV Epidemic Analysis Dashboard (AHEAD) that increases functionality and ease of use.  As a key component of HHS’ Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative (EHE), AHEAD visualizes data for six EHE HIV indicators that measure both local and national progress towards ending the U.S. HIV epidemic by 2030.

Increased Functionality and Ease of Use

With these enhancements, users can now:

• Filter by specific EHE HIV indicator data;
• Filter by demographic information at the national level;
• Compare data across peer, county-level jurisdictions through an automated comparison feature;
• Contextualize the data: HIV diagnoses data are presented alongside HIV linkage to care data to foster a deeper understanding of the relationship between indicators;
• Download data in multiple ways: all AHEAD data, partial data, and as a graphic; and
• Receive tutorial prompts to help guide and enhance user experience

Stakeholder Input is Key to Development

Stakeholder feedback is critical to AHEAD. In developing this enhanced version, HHS met with and gathered input from multiple stakeholder groups, including representatives from EHE jurisdictions, local and state health departments, community-based organizations and national HIV organizations. Their input and feedback helped shape many of the updates that are on AHEAD today.

Visit the AHEAD dashboard here.

Learn more about the CHIPTS EHE projects here.

Over 130 clinical providers including nurses, physicians, medical students, nursing students and some non-clinical providers registered and attended the virtual CME training, entitled “Addressing Medical Mistrust in Black Communities: Implications for COVID-19, HIV, Hepatitis, STIs and other conditions”  Saturday, August 29th, 2020 from 8:30AM-1:15PM. This conference is a training for clinical providers aimed at highlighting and providing solutions to healthcare issues disproportionately affecting Black communities, and is the third in a series of programs focused at addressing medical mistrust and its related disparities in healthcare.

At the conclusion of the course, the objective was for all attendees to be able to:

• Describe the historical foundations of medical mistrust in Black communities.
• Describe the effects of medical mistrust on health care behaviors, HIV, COVID-19 and other health outcomes in Black communities.
• Discuss clinic and system level changes that foster patient trust.
• List the skills and resources needed to interact with patients in a manner that encourages healthcare engagement and improves health outcomes.

The CME training began with a welcome and course overview by CHIPTS Policy Core Director and Course Chair, Nina Harawa, PhD. Course faculty opening speaker, Oni Blackstock, MD, MHS set the stage for the conference with a presentation on the historical context of medical mistrust in Black Communities, entitled “How did we get here? – Historical perspectives”. Dr. Blackstock gave a brief overview of medical mistrust and touched on some of the origins of mistrust in the Black community. She further laid out the role of provider implicit bias in healthcare and addressed health inequities, especially in HIV, reproductive health and COVID-19. Following this opening presentation was a panel discussion among providers and community members to discuss some experiences of medical mistrust in the patient-provider relationship and some strategies to improve trust in the clinical setting. Course faculty speaker, Laura Bogart, PhD gave a presentation entitled, “Medical Mistrust, Discrimination, and Healthcare Provision in Black Communities: Recommendations for Providers”. The presentation covered definition of medical mistrust, some examples and how it contributes to health outcomes. She also went in depth to discuss recommendations for healthcare providers, organizations and communities. Faculty speaker, Sheldon Fields, PhD, RN, FNP-BC, AACRN, FAANP, FNAP, FAAN, gave a presentation entitled, “Black Communities, Medical Mistrust in the time of COVID-19” to highlight the racial disparities related to COVID-19 and challenges around telemedicine and mistrust during COVID-19. The presentation addressed how providers can approach patient issues with medications and experimental treatment in a manner that fosters trust. Gifty-Maria Ntim, MD, MPH, faculty speaker gave a presentation entitled, “Mistrust in the Context of HIV/Hepatitis/STD Prevention and Treatment” with an emphasis on the effects of medical mistrust on HIV, Hep C and STI outcomes and recommendations for addressing mistrust.

Attendees were grouped into three breakout sessions following the panel presentation, COVID-19 and HIV/Hepatitis/STD presentations respectively. During the breakout sessions, case studies including scenario/role-plays around medical mistrust were addressed with discussion around best communication strategies between patient and providers to increase trust. Finally, faculty speaker, Ace Robinson, MPH, MHL led a report back session by first giving a detailed summary of the day and providing an opportunity for attendees to share lessons learned from the breakout discussions and presentations. Faculty speakers also addressed audience questions during this period and gave final comments. Dr. Harawa brought the conference to a close with closing remarks and highlighting some important next steps.

A recording of this webinar is available on our YouTube channel, and linked below. A compiled list of resources pertaining to the training are also available below for download.

For additional questions, please contact CHIPTS at chipts@mednet.ucla.edu.

Event Documents

Download invitation letter and flyer: Medical Mistrust in Black Communities Training for Clinical Providers - Flyer

Download training syllabus: Addressing Medical Mistrust in Black Communities - Syllabus

CME Training Course Information [Download not found]

Speaker Bios [Download not found]

Resources

Dr. Laura Bogart’s Book Chapter Summary on HIV and medical mistrust: HIV & Medical Mistrust: A Summary

Medical Mistrust Reading List Addressing Medical Mistrust in Black Communities - Reference List

IAS report with recommendations for adjusting HIV service delivery in the age of COVID-19.

Presentation Slides 

Historical Context of Medical Mistrust How did we get here? Historical perspectives - Slides

Strategies for Addressing Medical Mistrust Medical Mistrust Discrimination and Healthcare Provision in Black Communities Recommendations for Providers - Slides

Mistrust in the Context of COVID-19 Black Communities Medical Mistrust in the time of COVID-19 - Slides

Mistrust in the Context of HIV, Hepatitis and STIs Mistrust in the Context of HIV Hepatitis STD Prevention and Treatment - Slides

Videos

Welcome and Overview

Historical Context-Oni Blackstock, MD, MHS

Medical Mistrust Video

Strategies to address medical mistrust-Laura Bogart, PhD

Mistrust in the context of COVID-19-Sheldon Fields, PhD

Mistrust in the context of HIV, Hepatitis, STIs-Gifty-Maria Ntim, MD, MPH

Rapporteur-Ace Robinson, MPH, MHL

Closing Remarks

View the Healthy People 2030 objectives for HIV and other sexually-transmitted infections here.

This content originally appeared on hhs.gov. View the full article here.

August 18th, 2020- Today, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services released Healthy People 2030, the nation’s 10-year plan for addressing our most critical public health priorities and challenges. Since 1980, HHS’s Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion has set measurable objectives and targets to improve the health and well-being of the nation.

This decade, Healthy People 2030 features 355 core – or measurable – objectives with 10-year targets, new objectives related to opioid use disorder and youth e-cigarette use, and resources for adapting Healthy People 2030 to emerging public health threats like COVID-19. For the first time, Healthy People 2030 also sets 10-year targets for objectives related to social determinants of health.

“Healthy People was the first national effort to lay out a set of data-driven priorities for health improvement,” said HHS Secretary Alex Azar. “Healthy People 2030 adopts a more focused set of objectives and more rigorous data standards to help the federal government and all of our partners deliver results on these important goals over the next decade.”

Healthy People has led the nation with its focus on social determinants of health, and continues to prioritize economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context as factors that influence health. Healthy People 2030 also continues to prioritize health disparities, health equity, and health literacy.

“Now more than ever, we need programs like Healthy People that set a shared vision for a healthier nation, where all people can achieve their full potential for health and well-being across the lifespan,” said ADM Brett P. Giroir, MD, Assistant Secretary for Health. “COVID-19 has brought the importance of public health to the forefront of our national dialogue. Achieving Healthy People 2030’s vision would help the United States become more resilient to public health threats like COVID-19.”

Healthy People 2030 emphasizes collaboration, with objectives and targets that span multiple sectors. A federal advisory committee of 13 external thought leaders and a workgroup of subject matter experts from more than 20 federal agencies contributed to Healthy People 2030, along with public comments received throughout the development process.

The HHS Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion leads Healthy People in partnership with the National Center for Health Statistics at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which oversees data in support of the initiative.

This content originally appeared on hiv.gov. View the full article here.

August 17th, 2020- To support the efforts of local partners to end the HIV epidemic in their communities, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is announcing the launch of a new tool, AHEAD: America’s HIV Epidemic Analysis Dashboard. This tool will empower local stakeholders to track progress towards the goals of the Ending the HIV Epidemic: A Plan for America (EHE) initiative.

Responding to HIV has required a diverse coalition of stakeholders to bring their knowledge and unique skills to the table. HIV advocates, researchers, healthcare professionals, people living with HIV, and people impacted by HIV have worked together to address the epidemic. Over the last few years, annual new infections have stalled at an estimated 38,000. Currently, there are more than 1.2 million Americans living with HIV in the U.S.

Using data to inform and focus our efforts on ending new HIV transmissions is essential as we look to better understand the communities living with HIV and those at risk. Data will aid in our effort to develop community-informed and scientifically based interventions and approaches to help us reach our goals.

This launch of AHEAD includes national and jurisdictional data on the six EHE indicators: Incidence, Knowledge of Status, Diagnoses, Linkage to HIV Medical Care, Viral Suppression, and PrEP Coverage. As the dashboard develops, it will allow national, state, and local stakeholders to monitor progress towards meeting the goals of the EHE.

This tool is an asset that provides the most up-to-date information available about EHE, including data, progress, and updates highlighting innovative approaches. The launch of the dashboard to track EHE progress aims to bolster communities by providing decision-support capabilities to get ahead of the epidemic at the local level. It will inform jurisdictional and national leaders on EHE efforts and promote transparency in data sharing and progress towards our collective goal of ending the HIV epidemic by 2030.

We now have the right data, the right tools, and the right leadership to end the HIV epidemic. We have proven models of effective HIV care and prevention, including antiretroviral therapy and HIV prevention medications such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The time is now to end this epidemic.

Visit the AHEAD dashboard here.

Learn more about the CHIPTS EHE projects here.

This article originally appeared on fda.gov. To see the full article, click here.

July 2nd, 2020- Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Rukobia (fostemsavir), a new type of antiretroviral medication for adults living with HIV who have tried multiple HIV medications and whose HIV infection cannot be successfully treated with other therapies because of resistance, intolerance or safety considerations.

“This approval marks a new class of antiretroviral medications that may benefit patients who have run out of HIV treatment options,” said Jeff Murray, M.D., deputy director of the Division of Antivirals in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “The availability of new classes of antiretroviral drugs is critical for heavily treatment-experienced patients living with multidrug resistant HIV infection—helping people living with hard-to-treat HIV who are at greater risk for HIV-related complications, to potentially live longer, healthier lives.” 

Read more here.