Description

Background:
The IPPA was developed in order to assess adolescents’ perceptions of the positive and negative affective/cognitive dimension of relationships with parents and close friends — particularly how well these figures serve as sources of psychological security. The theoretical framework is attachment theory. Three broad dimensions are assessed: degree of mutual trust, quality of communication, and extent of anger and alienation. The instrument is a self report questionnaire with a five point likert scale response format. The IPPA consists of 25 items for the mother, 25 items for the father, and 25 items for the adolescent.. The IPPA is scored by reverse-scoring the negatively worded items and then summing the response values in each section

Developers:
Gay Armsden & Mark Greenberg

References:
Armsden, G. (1986). Attachment to parents and peers in late adolescence: Relationships to affective status, self-esteem, and coping with loss, threat and challenges. (Doctoral Dissertation, University of Washington, 1986). Dissertation Abstracts International, 47(4), October, 1986. Available on microfilm.

Armsden, G. C., and Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment: Relationships to well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16 (5), 427-454.

Armsden, G. C., McCauley, E., Greenberg, M.T.; Burke, P., and Mitchell, J. (1991). Parent and peer attachment in early adolescence depression. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 18, 683-692.

Greenberg, M.T., Siegal, J., & Leitch, C. (1984). The nature and importance of attachment relationships to parents and peers during adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 12(5), 373-386.

Lewis, F. M., Woods, N.F., Ellison, E. (1987). Family impact study, Unpublished report, University of Washington, R01-NUO1000, Division of Nursing, Public Health Service.

Redondo, L. M., Martin, A. L., Fernandez, J.S., & Lopez, J. M. (1986). An examination of the relationship between family environment and juvenile delinquency. Unpublished manuscript, University of Santiago, Chile.

Reliability:
Cronbach alpha ranged from 0.87 to 0.93