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Proactive Attitude Scale (PAS)

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Proactive Attitude Scale (PAS) « Personal Traits « Surveys/Scales « Downloads

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Date postedFebruary 1, 2012
Downloaded789 times
CategoriesPersonal Traits, Quality of Life, Surveys/Scales

Description

Keywords:

Optimism, Attitudes

Background:

This scale has been used to assess proactive attitudes among German adults (Schmitz & Schwarzer, 1999). This construct is similar to psychological measures of optimism and has implications for coping among people living with HIV.

Developers:
Ralf Schwartzberg

Copyright:
© Ralf Schwarzer, 1997

References:
Schmitz, G. S. & Schwarzer, R. (1999). Proaktive Einstellung von Lehrern: Konstruktbeschreibung und psychometrische Analysen [Teachers' Proactive Attitude: Construct description and psychometric analyses]. Zeitschrift für Empirische Pädagogik, 13 (1), 3-27.