Keywords:

Alcohol Use

Background:

Alcohol use has an indirect effect on the risk for contracting HIV. Individuals under the influence of alcohol may be more likely to engage in HIV risk behaviors. The following instrument was developed to screen for alcohol abuse.

Developer:

Demmie Mayfield, Gail McLeod, and Patricia Hall

Copyright:

Publisher: American Psychiatric Association

Reliability:

Internal consistency: Cronbach alpha = 0.69 (Hays et al., 1995)

Assessment:

Scale items:

1. Have you ever felt you should Cut down on your drinking?
2. Have people Annoyed you by criticizing your drinking?
3. Have you ever felt bad or Guilty about your drinking?
4. Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves or to get rid of a hangover (Eye opener)?

References:

• Mayfield, D., McLeod, G., Hall, P. (1974). The CAGE questionnaire: Validation of a new alcoholism instrument. American Journal of Psychiatry 131, 1121-1123.
• Hays, R.D., Merz, J.F., Nicholas, R. (1995) Response burden, reliability, and validity of the CAGE, Short MAST, and AUDIT alcohol screening measures. Behavior Res Methods Instruments Computers 27(2):277-280
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